The individual as the basis of the dialogical communication

Lyud­mi­la A. Marko­va
Insti­tute of Phi­los­o­phy, Russ­ian Acad­e­my of Sci­ences

The indi­vid­ual as the basis of the dia­log­i­cal com­mu­ni­ca­tion

Abstract. The log­ic of a new type, which was form­ing after the sci­en­tif­ic rev­o­lu­tion of the twen­ti­eth cen­tu­ry, is the oppo­site of the clas­sic one pri­mar­i­ly because it does not destroy its pre­cur­sor but enters with it into dia­log­i­cal rela­tions. Dia­logue requires at least two log­i­cal sub­jects. If you are unable to cope with a new prob­lem by means of clas­si­cal log­ic, its solu­tion is either post­poned for the future, or it is ignored as unre­solved. Non-clas­si­cal log­ic, how­ev­er, pos­sess­es its own way out. The evi­dence that can­not be explained is pro­vid­ed with a new log­ic, which enters into dia­logue with the clas­sics. The pecu­liar­i­ty of this train of thought is that the direc­tion of thought, its ori­en­ta­tion is aimed pri­mar­i­ly not at the object of research but at the sub­ject, and a turn of think­ing occurs, which philoso­phers and soci­ol­o­gists often argue about in dif­fer­ent con­texts. Log­ic is not so much writ­ten off from real­i­ty as it emerges in the head of a sci­en­tist (philoso­pher, logi­cian), though being cre­at­ed in dif­fer­ent ways. One or anoth­er prop­er­ty is select­ed from real­i­ty, and on their basis, the log­ic of all real­i­ty is being built. Clas­si­cal log­ic dis­tin­guish­es gen­er­al prop­er­ties of objects and events but ignores indi­vid­ual fea­tures. Non-clas­sic log­ic, on the con­trary, high­lights fea­tures that dis­tin­guish some objects from oth­ers. The pecu­liar­i­ty of non-clas­sics is that it does not destroy its pre­de­ces­sor since it needs it as an inter­locu­tor.

Key­words: real­i­ty, human, empir­i­cal, log­ic, gen­er­al, indi­vid­ual, con­text, think­ing, activ­i­ty

DOI: 10.5840/dspl20192455

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